| Name | Parties | Progress | Actions | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 🇦🇹 | Austria | 7 |
|
|
| 🇧🇪 | Belgium | 14 |
|
|
| 🇧🇬 | Bulgaria | 14 |
|
|
| 🇭🇷 | Croatia | 19 |
|
|
| 🇨🇾 | Cyprus | 9 |
|
|
| 🇨🇿 | Czech Republic | 12 |
|
|
| 🇩🇰 | Denmark | 14 |
|
|
| 🇪🇪 | Estonia | 8 |
|
|
| 🇫🇮 | Finland | 11 |
|
|
| 🇫🇷 | France | 16 |
|
|
| 🇩🇪 | Germany | 7 |
|
|
| 🇬🇷 | Greece | 13 |
|
|
| 🇭🇺 | Hungary | 10 |
|
|
| 🇮🇸 | Iceland | 8 |
|
|
| 🇮🇪 | Ireland | 12 |
|
|
| 🇮🇹 | Italy | 12 |
|
|
| 🇱🇻 | Latvia | 12 |
|
|
| 🇱🇹 | Lithuania | 13 |
|
|
| 🇱🇺 | Luxembourg | 7 |
|
|
| 🇲🇹 | Malta | 3 |
|
|
| 🇳🇱 | Netherlands | 19 |
|
|
| 🇳🇴 | Norway | 9 |
|
|
| 🇵🇱 | Poland | 13 |
|
|
| 🇵🇹 | Portugal | 9 |
|
|
| 🇷🇴 | Romania | 14 |
|
|
| 🇸🇰 | Slovakia | 14 |
|
|
| 🇸🇮 | Slovenia | 9 |
|
|
| 🇪🇸 | Spain | 17 |
|
|
| 🇸🇪 | Sweden | 8 |
|
|
| 🇨🇭 | Switzerland | 14 |
|
|
| 🇬🇧 | United Kingdom | 12 |
|
expert survey // ideology, populism (Europe, 2018&2023)
populism and parties expert survey
https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/RMQREQ
all dataset (all) — datasets linked through Party Facts
first imported on 5 March 2020 and last updated on 3 October 2025
Zaslove, Andrej; Meijers, Maurits; Huber, Robert, 2024, "Populism and Political Parties Expert Survey 2023 (POPPA)", https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/RMQREQ, Harvard Dataverse, V2
poppa.R